Skip to Content

Andrew M. Scharenberg, MD

NGEC Co-Director

Seattle Children's Attending Physician,
Immunodeficiency Clinic and Inpatient Immunology Service;
Professor, Pediatrics; Adjunct Professor, Immunology

Seattle Children's Research Institute
M/S C9S-6
1900 9th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
Tel: (206) 987-7450

E-mail Dr. Scharenberg

Dr. Scharenberg is a professor of pediatrics and immunology and co-director of the NGEC. His laboratory studies the role of ion channels in immune cell signal transduction and biology, and the application of homing endonucleases as tools for site-specific genome modification. Specific ongoing projects in his lab include studies of the role of Mg2+ transport in regulation of lymphocyte growth, directed evolution of homing endonucleases with novel recognition specificities, and molecular mechanisms of repair of nuclease-induced double strand breaks.

Dr. Scharenberg is currently the co-director of the NGEC and a principal investigator in the area of directed evolution of homing endonucleases.
 

"The NGEC provides an opportunity to work together with a world-class investigative team in pushing forward cutting-edge technologies for treatment of inherited diseases of the blood."
Andrew Scharenberg

Awards and Honors

  • Alpha Omega Alpha, University of Michigan Medical School: 1988
  • Denny Resident Award: 1992
  • AAAAI Extramural Research Trust Award: 1996
  • Fireman Fund Research Fellowship: 1999
  • Hershey Prostate Cancer Award: 2000
  • National Young Investigator Award, American Pediatric Society/Society for Pediatric Research: 2002

Areas of Expertise

  • Mg2+ homeostasis and role of Mg2+in biosynthetic metabolism
  • 2nd messenger signaling functions of ADP-ribose
  • Surface display and directed evolution of homing endonucleases

Research Interests

  • Role of Mg2+in the regulation of lymphocyte biosynthetic metabolism
  • Role of ADP-ribose as an oxidative stress 2nd messenger
  • Directed evolution of homing endonucleases

Overview of the Scharenberg Lab

Approximately half of the Scharenberg Lab works on directed evolution of homing endonuclease proteins, and their application to gene repair as part of the NGEC. The other half works on the role of ion channels and 2nd messengers in immune cell biology, focusing on the channel/enzyme fusion proteins TRPM2 and TRPM7.

The Scharenberg Lab developed homing endonuclease surface display technology in collaboration with the Stoddard and Monnat Labs. The lab uses surface display of homing endonucleases combined with both MACS and FACS for its work on the analysis and directed evolution of homing endonucleases.

The Scharenberg Lab uses a wide variety of molecular and cellular biology methods, fluorescence imaging, flow cytometry, patch clamp and mass spectrometry for its work on Mg2+ homeostasis and ADP-ribose 2nd messenger signaling functions.
 

NGEC Research

The major NGEC role of the Scharenberg Lab is to analyze homing endonuclease scaffolds received from the Monnat and Baker Labs. Scaffolds from the Monnat Lab will be newly identified and characterized “wild” homing endonucleases, or novel single chain enzymes created by the Monnat Lab. Scaffolds from the Baker Lab will have been computationally redesigned by the Baker Lab to recognize new target sites. The binding and cleavage properties of the scaffolds will be analyzed using homing endonuclease surface display technology.

By random introduction of mutations into the scaffold DNA coding sequences, the Scharenberg Lab will then generate large libraries of variant homing endonucleases. These libraries will be screened using homing endonuclease surface display technology for improvements in desired properties. This process can be iterated, resulting in the gradual “evolution” of the original scaffold towards new enzymes in which the desired properties have been optimized. This process is termed “directed evolution.”

The Scharenberg Lab is also working with the Rawlings Lab to develop murine XSCID and IPEX animal models to be used by the Rawlings Lab for its NGEC component, and with the Rawlings Lab and NGEC Cell and Viral Core to develop lentiviral expression vectors for use in gene repair experiments.

The Scharenberg Lab also seeks to develop platform technologies required for high throughput design and analysis of the binding and cleavage specificities of homing endonuclease.

Key personnel carrying out this research include Abigail Lambert (postdoctoral fellow), Mike Certo (graduate student), Kyle Jacoby (graduate student) and Sarah Baxter (graduate student).

Publications

2013

Baxter SK, Lambert AR, Scharenberg AM, Jarjour J.  2013.  Flow Cytometric Assays for Interrogating LAGLIDADG Homing Endonuclease DNA-Binding and Cleavage Properties.. Methods Mol Biol. 978:45-61.
Eyquem J, Poirot L, Galetto R, Scharenberg AM, Smith J.  2013.  Characterization of three loci for homologous gene targeting and transgene expression.. Biotechnol Bioeng.
Sahni J, Scharenberg AM.  2013.  The SLC41 family of MgtE-like magnesium transporters.. Mol Aspects Med. 34(2-3):620-8.

2012

Sahni J, Song Y, Scharenberg AM.  2012.  The B. subtilis MgtE Magnesium Transporter Can Functionally Compensate TRPM7-Deficiency in Vertebrate B-Cells.. PLoS One. 7(9):e44452.
Muñoz NM, Beard BC, Ryu BY, Luche RM, Trobridge GD, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Kiem H-P.  2012.  Novel reporter systems for facile evaluation of I-SceI-mediated genome editing.. Nucleic acids research. 40(2):e14.
Jacoby K, Metzger M, Shen BW, Certo MT, Jarjour J, Stoddard BL, Scharenberg AM.  2012.  Expanding LAGLIDADG endonuclease scaffold diversity by rapidly surveying evolutionary sequence space.. Nucleic acids research. 40(11):4954-64.
Ramirez CL, Certo MT, Mussolino C, Goodwin MJ, Cradick TJ, McCaffrey AP, Cathomen T, Scharenberg AM, Joung KJ.  2012.  Engineered zinc finger nickases induce homology-directed repair with reduced mutagenic effects.. Nucleic Acids Res. 40(12):5560-8.
Baxter S, Lambert AR, Kuhar R, Jarjour J, Kulshina N, Parmeggiani F, Danaher P, Gano J, Baker D, Stoddard BL et al..  2012.  Engineering domain fusion chimeras from I-OnuI family LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases.. Nucleic acids research.
Certo MT, Gwiazda KS, Kuhar R, Sather B, Curinga G, Mandt T, Brault M, Lambert AR, Baxter SK, Jacoby K et al..  2012.  Coupling endonucleases with DNA end-processing enzymes to drive gene disruption.. Nat Methods.

2011

Paddock MN, Bauman AT, Higdon R, Kolker E, Takeda S, Scharenberg AM.  2011.  Competition between PARP-1 and Ku70 control the decision between high-fidelity and mutagenic DNA repair.. DNA repair. 10(3):338-43.
Aubert M, Ryu BY, Banks L, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Jerome KR.  2011.  Successful targeting and disruption of an integrated reporter lentivirus using the engineered homing endonuclease Y2 I-AniI.. PloS one. 6(2):e16825.
Certo MT, Ryu BY, Annis JE, Garibov M, Jarjour J, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM.  2011.  Tracking genome engineering outcome at individual DNA breakpoints.. Nature methods. 8(8):671-6.
Takeuchi R, Lambert AR, Mak AN-S, Jacoby K, Dickson RJ, Gloor GB, Scharenberg AM, Edgell DR, Stoddard BL.  2011.  Tapping natural reservoirs of homing endonucleases for targeted gene modification.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108(32):13077-82.
Mandt T, Song Y, Scharenberg AM, Sahni J.  2011.  SLC41A1 Mg(2+) transport is regulated via Mg(2+)-dependent endosomal recycling through its N-terminal cytoplasmic domain.. The Biochemical journal. 439(1):129-39.

2010

Sahni J, Tamura R, Sweet IR, Scharenberg AM.  2010.  TRPM7 regulates quiescent/proliferative metabolic transitions in lymphocytes.. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.). 9(17):3565-74.
Paddock MN, Buelow BD, Takeda S, Scharenberg AM.  2010.  The BRCT domain of PARP-1 is required for immunoglobulin gene conversion.. PLoS biology. 8(7):e1000428.
Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Storb R, Carpenter PA, Rawlings DJ, Sanders J, Scharenberg AM, Skoda-Smith S, Englund J, Ochs HD et al..  2010.  Stable hematopoietic cell engraftment after low-intensity nonmyeloablative conditioning in patients with immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome.. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 126(5):1000-5.
Moy JN, Scharenberg AM, Stein MR, Suez D, Roberts RL, Levy RJ, Ballow M, Fasano MB, Dash CH, Leach SJ.  2010.  Efficacy and safety of a new immunoglobulin G product, Gammaplex(®), in primary immunodeficiency diseases.. Clinical and experimental immunology. 162(3):510-5.
Rémy S, Tesson L, Ménoret S, Usal C, Scharenberg AM, Anegon I.  2010.  Zinc-finger nucleases: a powerful tool for genetic engineering of animals.. Transgenic research. 19(3):363-71.

2009

Jarjour J, West-Foyle H, Certo MT, Hubert CG, Doyle L, Getz MM, Stoddard BL, Scharenberg AM.  2009.  High-resolution profiling of homing endonuclease binding and catalytic specificity using yeast surface display.. Nucleic acids research. 37(20):6871-80.
Thyme SB, Jarjour J, Takeuchi R, Havranek JJ, Ashworth J, Scharenberg AM, Stoddard BL, Baker D.  2009.  Exploitation of binding energy for catalysis and design.. Nature. 461(7268):1300-4.
Scharenberg AM.  2009.  TRPM2 and pancreatic β-cell responses to oxidative stress.. Islets. 1(2):165-6.
Buelow B, Uzunparmak B, Paddock M, Scharenberg AM.  2009.  Structure/function analysis of PARP-1 in oxidative and nitrosative stress-induced monomeric ADPR formation.. PloS one. 4(7):e6339.
Liu P, Santisteban I, Burroughs LM, Ochs HD, Torgerson TR, Hershfield MS, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM.  2009.  Immunologic reconstitution during PEG-ADA therapy in an unusual mosaic ADA deficient patient.. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). 130(2):162-74.
Takeuchi R, Certo M, Caprara MG, Scharenberg AM, Stoddard BL.  2009.  Optimization of in vivo activity of a bifunctional homing endonuclease and maturase reverses evolutionary degradation.. Nucleic acids research. 37(3):877-90.

2008

Buelow B, Scharenberg AM.  2008.  Characterization of parameters required for effective use of tamoxifen-regulated recombination.. PloS one. 3(9):e3264.
Buelow B, Song Y, Scharenberg AM.  2008.  The Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP-1 is required for oxidative stress-induced TRPM2 activation in lymphocytes.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 283(36):24571-83.
Sahni J, Scharenberg AM.  2008.  TRPM7 ion channels are required for sustained phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling in lymphocytes.. Cell metabolism. 8(1):84-93.
Song Y, Buelow B, Perraud A-L, Scharenberg AM.  2008.  Development and validation of a cell-based high-throughput screening assay for TRPM2 channel modulators.. Journal of biomolecular screening : the official journal of the Society for Biomolecular Screening. 13(1):54-61.

2007

Liu P, Scharenberg AM, Cantrell DA, Matthews SA.  2007.  Protein kinase D enzymes are dispensable for proliferation, survival and antigen receptor-regulated NFkappaB activity in vertebrate B-cells.. FEBS letters. 581(7):1377-82.
Volná P, Jarjour J, Baxter S, Roffler SR, Monnat RJ, Stoddard BL, Scharenberg AM.  2007.  Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding and cleavage by cell surface-displayed homing endonucleases.. Nucleic acids research. 35(8):2748-58.
Sahni J, Nelson B, Scharenberg AM.  2007.  SLC41A2 encodes a plasma-membrane Mg2+ transporter.. The Biochemical journal. 401(2):505-13.
Scharenberg AM, Humphries LA, Rawlings DJ.  2007.  Calcium signalling and cell-fate choice in B cells.. Nature reviews. Immunology. 7(10):778-89.

2006

Perraud A-L, Schmitz C, Scharenberg AM.  2006.  Calcium signaling, ion channels and more. The DT40 system as a model of vertebrate ion homeostasis and cell physiology.. Sub-cellular biochemistry. 40:257-70.
Grubisha O, Rafty LA, Takanishi CL, Xu X, Tong L, Perraud A-L, Scharenberg AM, Denu JM.  2006.  Metabolite of SIR2 reaction modulates TRPM2 ion channel.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 281(20):14057-65.
Song Y, Dayalu R, Matthews SA, Scharenberg AM.  2006.  TRPML cation channels regulate the specialized lysosomal compartment of vertebrate B-lymphocytes.. European journal of cell biology. 85(12):1253-64.
Matthews SA, Liu P, Spitaler M, Olson EN, McKinsey TA, Cantrell DA, Scharenberg AM.  2006.  Essential role for protein kinase D family kinases in the regulation of class II histone deacetylases in B lymphocytes.. Molecular and cellular biology. 26(4):1569-77.
Perraud A-L, Schmitz C, Scharenberg AM.  2006.  Analysis of cellular Mg2+ in DT40 cells.. Sub-cellular biochemistry. 40:373-8.

2005

Scharenberg AM.  2005.  TRPM2 and TRPM7: channel/enzyme fusions to generate novel intracellular sensors.. Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology. 451(1):220-7.
Perraud A-L, Takanishi CL, Shen B, Kang S, Smith MK, Schmitz C, Knowles HM, Ferraris D, Li W, Zhang J et al..  2005.  Accumulation of free ADP-ribose from mitochondria mediates oxidative stress-induced gating of TRPM2 cation channels.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 280(7):6138-48.

2004

Takezawa R, Schmitz C, Demeuse P, Scharenberg AM, Penner R, Fleig A.  2004.  Receptor-mediated regulation of the TRPM7 channel through its endogenous protein kinase domain.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(16):6009-14.
Schmitz C, Perraud A-L, Fleig A, Scharenberg AM.  2004.  Dual-function ion channel/protein kinases: novel components of vertebrate magnesium regulatory mechanisms.. Pediatric research. 55(5):734-7.

2003

Monteilh-Zoller MK, Hermosura MC, Nadler MJS, Scharenberg AM, Penner R, Fleig A.  2003.  TRPM7 provides an ion channel mechanism for cellular entry of trace metal ions.. The Journal of general physiology. 121(1):49-60.
Schmitz C, Perraud A-L, Johnson CO, Inabe K, Smith MK, Penner R, Kurosaki T, Fleig A, Scharenberg AM.  2003.  Regulation of vertebrate cellular Mg2+ homeostasis by TRPM7.. Cell. 114(2):191-200.
Perraud A-L, Schmitz C, Scharenberg AM.  2003.  TRPM2 Ca2+ permeable cation channels: from gene to biological function.. Cell calcium. 33(5-6):519-31.
Matthews SA, Dayalu R, Thompson LJ, Scharenberg AM.  2003.  Regulation of protein kinase Cnu by the B-cell antigen receptor.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 278(11):9086-91.
Shen BW, Perraud AL, Scharenberg A, Stoddard BL.  2003.  The crystal structure and mutational analysis of human NUDT9.. Journal of molecular biology. 332(2):385-98.
Perraud A-L, Shen B, Dunn CA, Rippe K, Smith MK, Bessman MJ, Stoddard BL, Scharenberg AM.  2003.  NUDT9, a member of the Nudix hydrolase family, is an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 278(3):1794-801.
Saito K, Tolias KF, Saci A, Koon HB, Humphries LA, Scharenberg A, Rawlings DJ, Kinet J-P, Carpenter CL.  2003.  BTK regulates PtdIns-4,5-P2 synthesis: importance for calcium signaling and PI3K activity.. Immunity. 19(5):669-78.

2002

Rafty LA, Schmidt MT, Perraud A-L, Scharenberg AM, Denu JM.  2002.  Analysis of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose as a target for Nudix ADP-ribose hydrolases.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 277(49):47114-22.
Paolini R, Molfetta R, Beitz LO, Zhang J, Scharenberg AM, Piccoli M, Frati L, Siraganian R, Santoni A.  2002.  Activation of Syk tyrosine kinase is required for c-Cbl-mediated ubiquitination of Fcepsilon RI and Syk in RBL cells.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 277(40):36940-7.
Launay P, Fleig A, Perraud AL, Scharenberg AM, Penner R, Kinet JP.  2002.  TRPM4 is a Ca2+-activated nonselective cation channel mediating cell membrane depolarization.. Cell. 109(3):397-407.
Hermosura MC, Monteilh-Zoller MK, Scharenberg AM, Penner R, Fleig A.  2002.  Dissociation of the store-operated calcium current I(CRAC) and the Mg-nucleotide-regulated metal ion current MagNuM.. The Journal of physiology. 539(Pt 2):445-58.
Montell C, Birnbaumer L, Flockerzi V, Bindels RJ, Bruford EA, Caterina MJ, Clapham DE, Harteneck C, Heller S, Julius D et al..  2002.  A unified nomenclature for the superfamily of TRP cation channels.. Molecular cell. 9(2):229-31.
Inabe K, Ishiai M, Scharenberg AM, Freshney N, Downward J, Kurosaki T.  2002.  Vav3 modulates B cell receptor responses by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 195(2):189-200.

2001

Nadler MJ, Hermosura MC, Inabe K, Perraud AL, Zhu Q, Stokes AJ, Kurosaki T, Kinet JP, Penner R, Scharenberg AM et al..  2001.  LTRPC7 is a Mg.ATP-regulated divalent cation channel required for cell viability.. Nature. 411(6837):590-5.
Saito K, Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  2001.  Interaction between the Btk PH domain and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate directly regulates Btk.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 276(19):16201-6.
Perraud AL, Fleig A, Dunn CA, Bagley LA, Launay P, Schmitz C, Stokes AJ, Zhu Q, Bessman MJ, Penner R et al..  2001.  ADP-ribose gating of the calcium-permeable LTRPC2 channel revealed by Nudix motif homology.. Nature. 411(6837):595-9.

1999

Maeda A, Scharenberg AM, Tsukada S, Bolen JB, Kinet JP, Kurosaki T.  1999.  Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIR-B) inhibits BCR-induced activation of Syk and Btk by SHP-1.. Oncogene. 18(14):2291-7.
Scharenberg AM.  1999.  The inhibitory receptor superfamily: potential relevance to atopy.. Current opinion in immunology. 11(6):621-5.
Gupta N, Scharenberg AM, Fruman DA, Cantley LC, Kinet JP, Long EO.  1999.  The SH2 domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase (SHIP) recruits the p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase during FcgammaRIIb1-mediated inhibition of B cell receptor signaling.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(11):7489-94.
Beitz LO, Fruman DA, Kurosaki T, Cantley LC, Scharenberg AM.  1999.  SYK is upstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in B cell receptor signaling.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(46):32662-6.

1998

Scharenberg AM, El-Hillal O, Fruman DA, Beitz LO, Li Z, Lin S, Gout I, Cantley LC, Rawlings DJ, Kinet JP.  1998.  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns-3,4,5-P3)/Tec kinase-dependent calcium signaling pathway: a target for SHIP-mediated inhibitory signals.. The EMBO journal. 17(7):1961-72.
Fluckiger AC, Li Z, Kato RM, Wahl MI, Ochs HD, Longnecker R, Kinet JP, Witte ON, Scharenberg AM, Rawlings DJ.  1998.  Btk/Tec kinases regulate sustained increases in intracellular Ca2+ following B-cell receptor activation.. The EMBO journal. 17(7):1973-85.
Freeman JH, Scharenberg AM, Olds JL, Schreurs BG.  1998.  Classical conditioning increases membrane-bound protein kinase C in rabbit cerebellum.. Neuroreport. 9(11):2669-73.
Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1998.  PtdIns-3,4,5-P3: a regulatory nexus between tyrosine kinases and sustained calcium signals.. Cell. 94(1):5-8.

1997

Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1997.  Fc epsilon RI and the FcR-beta amplifier.. International archives of allergy and immunology. 113(1-3):42-4.
El-Hillal O, Kurosaki T, Yamamura H, Kinet JP, Scharenberg AM.  1997.  syk kinase activation by a src kinase-initiated activation loop phosphorylation chain reaction.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94(5):1919-24.
Gupta N, Scharenberg AM, Burshtyn DN, Wagtmann N, Lioubin MN, Rohrschneider LR, Kinet JP, Long EO.  1997.  Negative signaling pathways of the killer cell inhibitory receptor and Fc gamma RIIb1 require distinct phosphatases.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 186(3):473-8.

1996

Binstadt BA, Brumbaugh KM, Dick CJ, Scharenberg AM, Williams BL, Colonna M, Lanier LL, Kinet JP, Abraham RT, Leibson PJ.  1996.  Sequential involvement of Lck and SHP-1 with MHC-recognizing receptors on NK cells inhibits FcR-initiated tyrosine kinase activation.. Immunity. 5(6):629-38.
Ota Y, Beitz LO, Scharenberg AM, Donovan JA, Kinet JP, Samelson LE.  1996.  Characterization of Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation and a Cbl-Syk complex in RBL-2H3 cells.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 184(5):1713-23.
Jabril-Cuenod B, Zhang C, Scharenberg AM, Paolini R, Numerof R, Beaven MA, Kinet JP.  1996.  Syk-dependent phosphorylation of Shc. A potential link between FcepsilonRI and the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway through SOS and Grb2.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 271(27):16268-72.
Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1996.  The emerging field of receptor-mediated inhibitory signaling: SHP or SHIP? Cell. 87(6):961-4.
Lin S, Cicala C, Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1996.  The Fc(epsilon)RIbeta subunit functions as an amplifier of Fc(epsilon)RIgamma-mediated cell activation signals.. Cell. 85(7):985-95.
Burshtyn DN, Scharenberg AM, Wagtmann N, Rajagopalan S, Berrada K, Yi T, Kinet JP, Long EO.  1996.  Recruitment of tyrosine phosphatase HCP by the killer cell inhibitor receptor.. Immunity. 4(1):77-85.
Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Park H, Wahl MI, Lin S, Kato RM, Fluckiger AC, Witte ON, Kinet JP.  1996.  Activation of BTK by a phosphorylation mechanism initiated by SRC family kinases.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 271(5250):822-5.
Park H, Wahl MI, Afar DE, Turck CW, Rawlings DJ, Tam C, Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP, Witte ON.  1996.  Regulation of Btk function by a major autophosphorylation site within the SH3 domain.. Immunity. 4(5):515-25.

1995

Scharenberg AM, Lin S, Cuenod B, Yamamura H, Kinet JP.  1995.  Reconstitution of interactions between tyrosine kinases and the high affinity IgE receptor which are controlled by receptor clustering.. The EMBO journal. 14(14):3385-94.
Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1995.  Early events in mast cell signal transduction.. Chemical immunology. 61:72-87.

1994

Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1994.  Allergy. Is localized immunoglobulin E synthesis the problem? Current biology : CB. 4(2):140-2.
Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP.  1994.  Initial events in Fc epsilon RI signal transduction.. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 94(6 Pt 2):1142-6.

1993

Craig AM, Olds JL, Schreurs BG, Scharenberg AM, Alkon DL.  1993.  Quantitative distribution of protein kinase C alpha, beta, gamma, and epsilon mRNAs in the hippocampus of control and nictitating membrane conditioned rabbits.. Brain research. Molecular brain research. 19(4):269-76.

1991

Scharenberg AM, Olds JL, Schreurs BG, Craig AM, Alkon DL.  1991.  Protein kinase C redistribution within CA3 stratum oriens during acquisition of nictitating membrane conditioning in the rabbit.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88(15):6637-41.
Cilley RE, Scharenberg AM, Bongiorno PF, Guire KE, Bartlett RH.  1991.  Low oxygen delivery produced by anemia, hypoxia, and low cardiac output.. The Journal of surgical research. 51(5):425-33.



about seo | page