David J. Rawlings, MD

NGEC Co-Director

Children's Guild Association Endowed Chair in Pediatric Immunology
Director, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies
Seattle Children's Research Institute

Chief, Division of Immunology
Seattle Children's Hospital

Professor, Pediatrics
Adjunct Professor, Immunology
University of Washington School of Medicine

Seattle Children's Research Institute
M/S C9S-6
1900 9th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
Tel: (206) 987-7450

E-mail Dr. Rawlings

Dr. Rawlings is Professor of Pediatrics and Immunology at the University of Washington and Head, Section of Immunology, at Seattle Children's Hospital. He is internationally recognized for his work in B-cell development and signal transduction, and has ongoing projects in B-cell signaling, development and application of lentiviral vectors for gene therapy of the primary immunodeficiencies XLA and WAS, and applications of lentiviral vectors for gene repair in hematopoietic stem cells.

Dr. Rawlings is co-director of the NGEC and a principal investigator in the area of gene repair in murine immunodeficiency models.

"The NGEC provides a tremendous opportunity to establish the engineering tools and delivery systems to test the feasibility of targeted gene repair in hematopoietic disorders. I am very excited to be part of these unique efforts. Given the broad local expertise and established infrastructure for treatment of such diseases, we will be well positioned to move from proof-of-principle studies into translational work."
David Rawlings

Awards and Honors

University of North Carolina Merit Scholarship: 1981
Sarah Graham Kenan Scholarship: 1983
Diplomate, American Board of Pediatrics: 1988
Merle Carson Research Award (First Place), Southwestern Pediatric Society: 1992
Beatrice S. Kolliner Memorial Fund Fellow, Jonsson Cancer Center: 1993
Ellis Dresner Research Award (First Place), Southern California Rheumatology Society: 1993
Physician Scientist Award, NIDDK, NIH: 1993 - 1998
Diplomate, American Board of Pediatric Rheumatology: 1994
Lupus Foundation Award: 1996-1998
James S. McDonnell Scholar: 1997-2000
CHRC/HHMI/Pennington Research Awards, UCLA: 1996-1998
Joan J. Drake Seed Grant for Excellence in Cancer Research, 1998
Scholar Award, The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: 1999-2004
Member, American Society for Clinical Investigation: 2001–present
Member, Association of American Physicians: 2007–present

Areas of Expertise

Basic and clinical immunology
Signal transduction
Lymphocyte developmental biology

Research Interests

Lymphocyte signal transduction
Gene therapy for primary immunodeficiency disorders
Modeling normal and altered lymphopoiesis

Overview of the Rawlings Lab

The Rawlings Lab uses expertise in basic and clinical immunology, signal transduction and lymphocyte developmental biology to understand how altered signals can lead to immunologic diseases. This work is relevant to a range of related outcomes because dysregulation of lymphocyte growth and differentiation can lead, alternatively, to immunodeficiency states, or to autoimmunity and malignancy. Ultimately, Dr. Rawlings and his team seek to utilize this information to develop translational therapies capable of specifically modulating these disorders.

As a postdoctoral fellow in Dr. Owen Witte’s laboratory, Dr. Rawlings initially characterized the role of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) in B-cell development and how deficient function of this enzyme led to the related immune disorders X-linked immunodeficiency (XID; in mice) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA; in humans). Subsequently, his laboratory has worked to define the molecular events that link Btk to B-cell receptor signaling.

His group identified the downstream requirement for Btk in calcium signaling via activation of phosholipase C gamma (PLCγ), and in the NFκB cascade through protein kinase C-beta (PKCβ) and the adapter protein, CARMA1. In parallel, his laboratory has pioneered studies demonstrating rescue of B cell development in animal models of XLA using viral vectors for <span class=">gene therapy and is working to move this approach into clinical trials.

NGEC Research

For its role in the NGEC, the Rawlings Lab will utilize two murine immunodeficiency disorders as model systems to evaluate methods for delivery of an LHE and donor template to induce gene repair in hematopoietic stem cells. In both models, a selective advantage for gene-corrected lymphoid stem cells will provide a useful initial system in which to evaluate both feasibility and efficiency of various repair strategies.

In collaboration with the Scharenberg Lab, Dr. Rawlings and his team have generated a novel murine model of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID) will enable the lab to evaluate gene repair under near ideal conditions using the well-characterized LHE, I-SceI. This model will allow the Rawlings Lab to evaluate a range of NIL vector designs, transduction protocols and HSC target populations in order to identify optimal methods for in vivo gene repair.

Following establishment of successful gene repair, the Rawlings Lab will then utilize the identical LHE-XSCID animal model and delivery systems to evaluate the functional activity of an engineered I-AniI enzyme.

Subsequently, the lab will evaluate a second engineered LHE, designed to cut within the Btk gene at the X-linked immunodeficiency (XID) locus. NIL vectors, carrying the XID-specific LHE and a repair template with or without a cis-linked selection marker, will be used to determine if drug selection can enrich gene repaired stem cells and, thereby, enhance the rate of immune reconstitution in this animal model.

The combined studies of the Rawlings Lab will provide a key benchmark against which to judge gene repair approaches using engineered LHEs and NIL delivery systems..

Key personnel carrying out this research include Elle Curinga (postdoctoral fellow), Yupeng Wang (postdoctoral fellow), and Kamila Gwiazda (graduate student).

Publications

2013

Moreno-García ME, Sommer K, Rincon-Arano H, Brault M, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matesic LE, Rawlings DJ. 2013. KINASE-INDEPENDENT FEEDBACK OF THE TAK1/TAB1 COMPLEX ON BCL10 TURNOVER AND NF-κB ACTIVATION.. Mol Cell Biol.

Bermejo DA, Jackson SW, Gorosito-Serran M, Acosta-Rodriguez EV, Amezcua-Vesely MC, Sather BD, Singh AK, Khim S, Mucci J, Liggitt D et al.. 2013. Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase initiates a program independent of the transcription factors RORγt and Ahr that leads to IL-17 production by activated B cells.. Nat Immunol.

Ferron M, Settembre C, Shimazu J, Lacombe J, Kato S, Rawlings DJ, Ballabio A, Karsenty G. 2013. A RANKL-PKCβ-TFEB signaling cascade is necessary for lysosomal biogenesis in osteoclasts.. Genes Dev.

Dai X, James RG, Habib T, Singh S, Jackson S, Khim S, Moon RT, Liggitt D, Wolf-Yadlin A, Buckner JH et al.. 2013. A disease-associated PTPN22 variant promotes systemic autoimmunity in murine models.. J Clin Invest.

2012

Amezcua Vesely MC, Schwartz M, Bermejo DA, Montes CL, Cautivo KM, Kalergis AM, Rawlings DJ, Acosta-Rodríguez EV, Gruppi A. 2012. FcγRIIb and BAFF Differentially Regulate Peritoneal B1 Cell Survival.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).

Certo MT, Gwiazda KS, Kuhar R, Sather B, Curinga G, Mandt T, Brault M, Lambert AR, Baxter SK, Jacoby K et al.. 2012. Coupling endonucleases with DNA end-processing enzymes to drive gene disruption.. Nat Methods.

Muñoz NM, Beard BC, Ryu BY, Luche RM, Trobridge GD, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Kiem H-P. 2012. Novel reporter systems for facile evaluation of I-SceI-mediated genome editing.. Nucleic acids research. 40(2):e14.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Rawlings DJ. 2012. Differential impact of Toll-like receptor signaling on distinct B cell subpopulations.. Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library. 17:1499-516.

Iseki M, Omori-Miyake M, Xu W, Sun X, Takaki S, Rawlings DJ, Ziegler SF. 2012. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)-induced polyclonal B-cell activation and autoimmunity are mediated by CD4+ T cells and IL-4.. International immunology.

Allen JL, Flick LM, Divanovic S, Jackson SW, Bram R, Rawlings DJ, Finkelman FD, Karp CL. 2012. Cutting Edge: Regulation of TLR4-Driven B Cell Proliferation by RP105 Is Not B Cell Autonomous.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).

Andrews SF, Dai X, Ryu BY, Gulick T, Ramachandran B, Rawlings DJ. 2012. Developmentally regulated expression of MEF2C limits the response to BCR engagement in transitional B cells.. European journal of immunology.

Rawlings DJ, Schwartz MA, Jackson SW, Meyer-Bahlburg A. 2012. Integration of B cell responses through Toll-like receptors and antigen receptors.. Nature reviews. Immunology.

Astrakhan A, Sather BD, Ryu BY, Khim S, Singh S, Humblet-Baron S, Ochs HD, Miao CH, Rawlings DJ. 2012. Ubiquitous high-level gene expression in hematopoietic lineages provides effective lentiviral gene therapy of murine Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome.. Blood.

Tsukada S, Saffran DC, Rawlings DJ, Parolini O, Allen CR, Klisak I, Sparkes RS, Kubagawa H, Mohandas T, Quan S et al.. 2012. Pillars Article: Deficient Expression of a B Cell Cytoplasmic Tyrosine Kinase in Human X-linked Agammaglobulinemia. Cell. 1993. 72: 279-290.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 188(7):2936-2947.

2011

Aubert M, Ryu BY, Banks L, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Jerome KR. 2011. Successful targeting and disruption of an integrated reporter lentivirus using the engineered homing endonuclease Y2 I-AniI.. PloS one. 6(2):e16825.

Certo MT, Ryu BY, Annis JE, Garibov M, Jarjour J, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM. 2011. Tracking genome engineering outcome at individual DNA breakpoints.. Nature methods. 8(8):671-6.

Becker-Herman S, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Schwartz MA, Jackson SW, Hudkins KL, Liu C, Sather BD, Khim S, Liggitt D, Song W et al.. 2011. WASp-deficient B cells play a critical, cell-intrinsic role in triggering autoimmunity.. The Journal of experimental medicine.

Bandaranayake AD, Correnti C, Ryu BY, Brault M, Strong RK, Rawlings DJ. 2011. Daedalus: a robust, turnkey platform for rapid production of decigram quantities of active recombinant proteins in human cell lines using novel lentiviral vectors.. Nucleic acids research. 39(21):e143.

Tuck SP, Rawlings DJ, Scane AC, Pande I, Summers GD, Woolf AD, Francis RM. 2011. Femoral neck shaft angle in men with fragility fractures.. Journal of osteoporosis. 2011:903726.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Renner ED, Rylaarsdam S, Reichenbach J, Schimke LF, Marks A, Tcheurekdjian H, Hostoffer R, Brahmandam A, Torgerson TR et al.. 2011. Heterozygous signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 mutations in hyper-IgE syndrome result in altered B-cell maturation.. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

Habib T, Funk A, Rieck M, Brahmandam A, Dai X, Panigrahi AK, Luning Prak ET, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Sanda S, Greenbaum C et al.. 2011. Altered B Cell Homeostasis Is Associated with Type I Diabetes and Carriers of the PTPN22 Allelic Variant.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).

2010

Sather BD, Ryu BY, Stirling BV, Garibov M, Kerns HM, Humblet-Baron S, Astrakhan A, Rawlings DJ. 2010. Development of B-lineage Predominant Lentiviral Vectors for Use in Genetic Therapies for B Cell Disorders.. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy.

Kerns HM, Ryu BY, Stirling BV, Sather BD, Astrakhan A, Humblet-Baron S, Liggitt D, Rawlings DJ. 2010. B cell-specific lentiviral gene therapy leads to sustained B-cell functional recovery in a murine model of X-linked agammaglobulinemia.. Blood. 115(11):2146-55.

Moreno-García ME, Sommer K, Shinohara H, Bandaranayake AD, Kurosaki T, Rawlings DJ. 2010. MAGUK-controlled ubiquitination of CARMA1 modulates lymphocyte NF-kappaB activity.. Molecular and cellular biology. 30(4):922-34.

Burroughs LM, Torgerson TR, Storb R, Carpenter PA, Rawlings DJ, Sanders J, Scharenberg AM, Skoda-Smith S, Englund J, Ochs HD et al.. 2010. Stable hematopoietic cell engraftment after low-intensity nonmyeloablative conditioning in patients with immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome.. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 126(5):1000-5.

Misra RS, Shi G, Moreno-Garcia ME, Thankappan A, Tighe M, Mousseau B, Kusser K, Becker-Herman S, Hudkins KL, Dunn R et al.. 2010. G alpha q-containing G proteins regulate B cell selection and survival and are required to prevent B cell-dependent autoimmunity.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 207(8):1775-89.

Blair PA, Noreña LY, Flores-Borja F, Rawlings DJ, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR, Mauri C. 2010. CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells exhibit regulatory capacity in healthy individuals but are functionally impaired in systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients.. Immunity. 32(1):129-40.

2009

Liu P, Santisteban I, Burroughs LM, Ochs HD, Torgerson TR, Hershfield MS, Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM. 2009. Immunologic reconstitution during PEG-ADA therapy in an unusual mosaic ADA deficient patient.. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). 130(2):162-74.

Peng B, Ye P, Rawlings DJ, Ochs HD, Miao CH. 2009. Anti-CD3 antibodies modulate anti-factor VIII immune responses in hemophilia A mice after factor VIII plasmid-mediated gene therapy.. Blood. 114(20):4373-82.

Marathe BM, Prislovsky A, Astrakhan A, Rawlings DJ, Wan JY, Strom TS. 2009. Antiplatelet antibodies in WASP(-) mice correlate with evidence of increased in vivo platelet consumption.. Experimental hematology. 37(11):1353-63.

James RG, Biechele TL, Conrad WH, Camp ND, Fass DM, Major MB, Sommer K, Yi XH, Roberts BS, Cleary MA et al.. 2009. Bruton's tyrosine kinase revealed as a negative regulator of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling.. Science signaling. 2(72):ra25.

Iyoda M, Hudkins KL, Becker-Herman S, Wietecha TA, Banas MC, Guo S, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Kowalewska J, Liu G, Ziegler SF et al.. 2009. Imatinib suppresses cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 20(1):68-77.

Moreno-García ME, Sommer K, Haftmann C, Sontheimer C, Andrews SF, Rawlings DJ. 2009. Serine 649 phosphorylation within the protein kinase C-regulated domain down-regulates CARMA1 activity in lymphocytes.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 183(11):7362-70.

Miao CH, Harmeling BR, Ziegler SF, Yen BC, Torgerson T, Chen L, Yau RJ, Peng B, Thompson AR, Ochs HD et al.. 2009. CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells confer long-term regulation of factor VIII-specific immune responses in plasmid-mediated gene therapy-treated hemophilia mice.. Blood. 114(19):4034-44.

Astrakhan A, Ochs HD, Rawlings DJ. 2009. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is required for homeostasis and function of invariant NKT cells.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 182(12):7370-80.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Bandaranayake AD, Andrews SF, Rawlings DJ. 2009. Reduced c-myc expression levels limit follicular mature B cell cycling in response to TLR signals.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 182(7):4065-75.

Andrews SF, Rawlings DJ. 2009. Transitional B cells exhibit a B cell receptor-specific nuclear defect in gene transcription.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 182(5):2868-78.

2008

Wei B, Su TT, Dalwadi H, Stephan RP, Fujiwara D, Huang TT, Brewer S, Chen L, Arditi M, Borneman J et al.. 2008. Resident enteric microbiota and CD8+ T cells shape the abundance of marginal zone B cells.. European journal of immunology. 38(12):3411-25.

Peng B, Ye P, Blazar BR, Freeman GJ, Rawlings DJ, Ochs HD, Miao CH. 2008. Transient blockade of the inducible costimulator pathway generates long-term tolerance to factor VIII after nonviral gene transfer into hemophilia A mice.. Blood. 112(5):1662-72.

Notarangelo LD, Rawlings DJ, Sullivan KE. 2008. An exemplum of XLA.. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). 126(2):137-9.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Becker-Herman S, Humblet-Baron S, Khim S, Weber M, Bouma G, Thrasher AJ, Batista FD, Rawlings DJ. 2008. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein deficiency in B cells results in impaired peripheral homeostasis.. Blood. 112(10):4158-69.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Rawlings DJ. 2008. B cell autonomous TLR signaling and autoimmunity.. Autoimmunity reviews. 7(4):313-6.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Andrews SF, Yu KOA, Porcelli SA, Rawlings DJ. 2008. Characterization of a late transitional B cell population highly sensitive to BAFF-mediated homeostatic proliferation.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 205(1):155-68.

2007

Humblet-Baron S, Sather B, Anover S, Becker-Herman S, Kasprowicz DJ, Khim S, Nguyen T, Hudkins-Loya K, Alpers CE, Ziegler SF et al.. 2007. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is required for regulatory T cell homeostasis.. The Journal of clinical investigation. 117(2):407-18.

Scharenberg AM, Humphries LA, Rawlings DJ. 2007. Calcium signalling and cell-fate choice in B cells.. Nature reviews. Immunology. 7(10):778-89.

Harrison RM, Wilkinson M, Rawlings DJ, Moore M. 2007. Doses to critical organs following radiotherapy and concomitant imaging of the larynx and breast.. The British journal of radiology. 80(960):989-95.

Habib T, Park H, Tsang M, de Alborán IM, Nicks A, Wilson L, Knoepfler PS, Andrews S, Rawlings DJ, Eisenman RN et al.. 2007. Myc stimulates B lymphocyte differentiation and amplifies calcium signaling.. The Journal of cell biology. 179(4):717-31.

Evans JG, Chavez-Rueda KA, Eddaoudi A, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Rawlings DJ, Ehrenstein MR, Mauri C. 2007. Novel suppressive function of transitional 2 B cells in experimental arthritis.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 178(12):7868-78.

Meyer-Bahlburg A, Khim S, Rawlings DJ. 2007. B cell intrinsic TLR signals amplify but are not required for humoral immunity.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 204(13):3095-101.

Astrakhan A, Omori M, Nguyen T, Becker-Herman S, Iseki M, Aye T, Hudkins K, Dooley J, Farr A, Alpers CE et al.. 2007. Local increase in thymic stromal lymphopoietin induces systemic alterations in B cell development.. Nature immunology. 8(5):522-31.

2006

Rawlings DJ, Sommer K, Moreno-García ME. 2006. The CARMA1 signalosome links the signalling machinery of adaptive and innate immunity in lymphocytes.. Nature reviews. Immunology. 6(11):799-812.

Moreno-García ME, Sommer KM, Bandaranayake AD, Rawlings DJ. 2006. Proximal signals controlling B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) mediated NF-kappaB activation.. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 584:89-106.

Rawlings DJ. 2006. The biology and biochemistry of inflammatory signalosomes. Meeting on signaling networks in immunity and inflammation.. EMBO reports. 7(1):25-30.

Bartram SA, Peaston RT, Rawlings DJ, Walshaw D, Francis RM, Thompson NP. 2006. Mutifactorial analysis of risk factors for reduced bone mineral density in patients with Crohn's disease.. World journal of gastroenterology : WJG. 12(35):5680-6.

Gomez TS, McCarney SD, Carrizosa E, Labno CM, Comiskey EO, Nolz JC, Zhu P, Freedman BD, Clark MR, Rawlings DJ et al.. 2006. HS1 functions as an essential actin-regulatory adaptor protein at the immune synapse.. Immunity. 24(6):741-52.

Harrison RM, Wilkinson M, Shemilt A, Rawlings DJ, Moore M, Lecomber AR. 2006. Organ doses from prostate radiotherapy and associated concomitant exposures.. The British journal of radiology. 79(942):487-96.

Miao CH, Ye P, Thompson AR, Rawlings DJ, Ochs HD. 2006. Immunomodulation of transgene responses following naked DNA transfer of human factor VIII into hemophilia A mice.. Blood. 108(1):19-27.

Aspray TJ, Stevenson P, Abdy SE, Rawlings DJ, Holland T, Francis RM. 2006. Low bone mineral density measurements in care home residents--a treatable cause of fractures.. Age and ageing. 35(1):37-41.

2005

Tuck SP, Pearce MS, Rawlings DJ, Birrell FN, Parker L, Francis RM. 2005. Differences in bone mineral density and geometry in men and women: the Newcastle Thousand Families Study at 50 years old.. The British journal of radiology. 78(930):493-8.

Rajaiya J, Hatfield M, Nixon JC, Rawlings DJ, Webb CF. 2005. Bruton's tyrosine kinase regulates immunoglobulin promoter activation in association with the transcription factor Bright.. Molecular and cellular biology. 25(6):2073-84.

Moreno-García ME, López-Bojórques LN, Zentella A, Humphries LA, Rawlings DJ, Santos-Argumedo L. 2005. CD38 signaling regulates B lymphocyte activation via a phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 2-independent, protein kinase C, phosphatidylcholine-PLC, and phospholipase D-dependent signaling cascade.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 174(5):2687-95.

Desiere F, Deutsch EW, Nesvizhskii AI, Mallick P, King NL, Eng JK, Aderem A, Boyle R, Brunner E, Donohoe S et al.. 2005. Integration with the human genome of peptide sequences obtained by high-throughput mass spectrometry.. Genome biology. 6(1):R9.

Sommer K, Guo B, Pomerantz JL, Bandaranayake AD, Moreno-García ME, Ovechkina YL, Rawlings DJ. 2005. Phosphorylation of the CARMA1 linker controls NF-kappaB activation.. Immunity. 23(6):561-74.

Pearce MS, Birrell FN, Francis RM, Rawlings DJ, Tuck SP, Parker L. 2005. Lifecourse study of bone health at age 49-51 years: the Newcastle thousand families cohort study.. Journal of epidemiology and community health. 59(6):475-80.

2004

Kawakami Y, Nishimoto H, Kitaura J, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Kato RM, Littman DR, Leitges M, Rawlings DJ, Kawakami T. 2004. Protein kinase C betaII regulates Akt phosphorylation on Ser-473 in a cell type- and stimulus-specific fashion.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 279(46):47720-5.

Humphries LA, Dangelmaier C, Sommer K, Kipp K, Kato RM, Griffith N, Bakman I, Turk CW, Daniel JL, Rawlings DJ. 2004. Tec kinases mediate sustained calcium influx via site-specific tyrosine phosphorylation of the phospholipase Cgamma Src homology 2-Src homology 3 linker.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 279(36):37651-61.

Chun HH, Cary RB, Lansigan F, Whitelegge J, Rawlings DJ, Gatti RA. 2004. ATM protein purified from vaccinia virus expression system: DNA binding requirements for kinase activation.. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 322(1):74-81.

Yu PW, Tabuchi RS, Kato RM, Astrakhan A, Humblet-Baron S, Kipp K, Chae K, Ellmeier W, Witte ON, Rawlings DJ. 2004. Sustained correction of B-cell development and function in a murine model of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) using retroviral-mediated gene transfer.. Blood. 104(5):1281-90.

Ye P, Thompson AR, Sarkar R, Shen Z, Lillicrap DP, Kaufman RJ, Ochs HD, Rawlings DJ, Miao CH. 2004. Naked DNA transfer of Factor VIII induced transgene-specific, species-independent immune response in hemophilia A mice.. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy. 10(1):117-26.

Guo B, Su TT, Rawlings DJ. 2004. Protein kinase C family functions in B-cell activation.. Current opinion in immunology. 16(3):367-73.

Su TT, Guo B, Wei B, Braun J, Rawlings DJ. 2004. Signaling in transitional type 2 B cells is critical for peripheral B-cell development.. Immunological reviews. 197:161-78.

2003

Bartram SA, Peaston RT, Rawlings DJ, Francis RM, Thompson NP. 2003. A randomized controlled trial of calcium with vitamin D, alone or in combination with intravenous pamidronate, for the treatment of low bone mineral density associated with Crohn's disease.. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 18(11-12):1121-7.

Saito K, Tolias KF, Saci A, Koon HB, Humphries LA, Scharenberg A, Rawlings DJ, Kinet J-P, Carpenter CL. 2003. BTK regulates PtdIns-4,5-P2 synthesis: importance for calcium signaling and PI3K activity.. Immunity. 19(5):669-78.

Kawakami Y, Kitaura J, Yao L, McHenry RW, Kawakami Y, Newton AC, Kang S, Kato RM, Leitges M, Rawlings DJ et al.. 2003. A Ras activation pathway dependent on Syk phosphorylation of protein kinase C.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100(16):9470-5.

Dalwadi H, Wei B, Schrage M, Spicher K, Su TT, Birnbaumer L, Rawlings DJ, Braun J. 2003. B cell developmental requirement for the G alpha i2 gene.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 170(4):1707-15.

2002

Su TT, Guo B, Rawlings DJ. 2002. Emerging roles for PKC isoforms in immune cell function.. Molecular interventions. 2(3):141-4.

Su TT, Guo B, Kawakami Y, Sommer K, Chae K, Humphries LA, Kato RM, Kang S, Patrone L, Wall R et al.. 2002. PKC-beta controls I kappa B kinase lipid raft recruitment and activation in response to BCR signaling.. Nature immunology. 3(8):780-6.

Su TT, Rawlings DJ. 2002. Transitional B lymphocyte subsets operate as distinct checkpoints in murine splenic B cell development.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 168(5):2101-10.

Hoyer KK, French SW, Turner DE, Nguyen MTN, Renard M, Malone CS, Knoetig S, Qi C-F, Su TT, Cheroutre H et al.. 2002. Dysregulated TCL1 promotes multiple classes of mature B cell lymphoma.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99(22):14392-7.

Kant AM, De P, Peng X, Yi T, Rawlings DJ, Kim JS, Durden DL. 2002. SHP-1 regulates Fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis and the activation of RAC.. Blood. 100(5):1852-9.

2001

Kang SW, Wahl MI, Chu J, Kitaura J, Kawakami Y, Kato RM, Tabuchi R, Tarakhovsky A, Kawakami T, Turck CW et al.. 2001. PKCbeta modulates antigen receptor signaling via regulation of Btk membrane localization.. The EMBO journal. 20(20):5692-702.

Guibelade E, Vañó E, Kotre CJ, Faulkner K, Fernández JM, Ten JI, Rawlings DJ. 2001. The use of dynamic phantoms in interventional radiology.. Radiation protection dosimetry. 94(1-2):155-9.

Said JW, Hoyer KK, French SW, Rosenfelt L, Garcia-Lloret M, Koh PJ, Cheng TC, Sulur GG, Pinkus GS, Kuehl WM et al.. 2001. TCL1 oncogene expression in B cell subsets from lymphoid hyperplasia and distinct classes of B cell lymphoma.. Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology. 81(4):555-64.

Gallagher KT, Shaham B, Reiff A, Tournay A, Villablanca JP, Curran J, Nelson MD, Bernstein B, Rawlings DJ. 2001. Primary angiitis of the central nervous system in children: 5 cases.. The Journal of rheumatology. 28(3):616-23.

Ziegner UH, Ochs HD, Schanen C, Feig SA, Seyama K, Futatani T, Gross T, Wakim M, Roberts RL, Rawlings DJ et al.. 2001. Unrelated umbilical cord stem cell transplantation for X-linked immunodeficiencies.. The Journal of pediatrics. 138(4):570-3.

2000

Goldman FD, Gilman AL, Hollenback C, Kato RM, Premack BA, Rawlings DJ. 2000. Hydroxychloroquine inhibits calcium signals in T cells: a new mechanism to explain its immunomodulatory properties.. Blood. 95(11):3460-6.

Gordon MS, Kato RM, Lansigan F, Thompson AA, Wall R, Rawlings DJ. 2000. Aberrant B cell receptor signaling from B29 (Igbeta, CD79b) gene mutations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97(10):5504-9.

Guo B, Kato RM, Garcia-Lloret M, Wahl MI, Rawlings DJ. 2000. Engagement of the human pre-B cell receptor generates a lipid raft-dependent calcium signaling complex.. Immunity. 13(2):243-53.

Kawakami Y, Kitaura J, Satterthwaite AB, Kato RM, Asai K, Hartman SE, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Lowell CA, Rawlings DJ, Witte ON et al.. 2000. Redundant and opposing functions of two tyrosine kinases, Btk and Lyn, in mast cell activation.. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 165(3):1210-9.

1999

Scane AC, Francis RM, Sutcliffe AM, Francis MJ, Rawlings DJ, Chapple CL. 1999. Case-control study of the pathogenesis and sequelae of symptomatic vertebral fractures in men.. Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 9(1):91-7.

Cooke RJ, Rawlings DJ, McCormick K, Griffin IJ, Faulkner K, Wells JC, Smith JS, Robinson SJ. 1999. Body composition of preterm infants during infancy.. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition. 80(3):F188-91.

Nisitani S, Kato RM, Rawlings DJ, Witte ON, Wahl MI. 1999. In situ detection of activated Bruton's tyrosine kinase in the Ig signaling complex by phosphopeptide-specific monoclonal antibodies.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96(5):2221-6.

Rawlings DJ. 1999. Bruton's tyrosine kinase controls a sustained calcium signal essential for B lineage development and function.. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). 91(3):243-53.

1998

Scharenberg AM, El-Hillal O, Fruman DA, Beitz LO, Li Z, Lin S, Gout I, Cantley LC, Rawlings DJ, Kinet JP. 1998. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns-3,4,5-P3)/Tec kinase-dependent calcium signaling pathway: a target for SHIP-mediated inhibitory signals.. The EMBO journal. 17(7):1961-72.

Hetherington J, Chapple CL, Rawlings DJ. 1998. Radiation dose and diagnosticity of barium enema examinations by radiographers and radiologists: a comparative study.. The British journal of radiology. 71(851):1219-21.

Satterthwaite AB, Rawlings DJ, Witte ON. 1998. DSHP: a "power bar" for sustained immune responses? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95(23):13355-7.

Fluckiger AC, Sanz E, Garcia-Lloret M, Su T, Hao QL, Kato R, Quan S, de la Hera A, Crooks GM, Witte ON et al.. 1998. In vitro reconstitution of human B-cell ontogeny: from CD34(+) multipotent progenitors to Ig-secreting cells.. Blood. 92(12):4509-20.

Aspray TJ, Francis RM, Thompson A, Quilliam SJ, Rawlings DJ, Tyrer SP. 1998. Comparison of ultrasound measurements at the heel between adults with mental retardation and control subjects.. Bone. 22(6):665-8.

Fluckiger AC, Li Z, Kato RM, Wahl MI, Ochs HD, Longnecker R, Kinet JP, Witte ON, Scharenberg AM, Rawlings DJ. 1998. Btk/Tec kinases regulate sustained increases in intracellular Ca2+ following B-cell receptor activation.. The EMBO journal. 17(7):1973-85.

1997

Reiff A, Rawlings DJ, Shaham B, Franke E, Richardson L, Szer IS, Bernstein BH. 1997. Preliminary evidence for cyclosporin A as an alternative in the treatment of recalcitrant juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile dermatomyositis.. The Journal of rheumatology. 24(12):2436-43.

Anderson FH, Francis RM, Bishop JC, Rawlings DJ. 1997. Effect of intermittent cyclical disodium etidronate therapy on bone mineral density in men with vertebral fractures.. Age and ageing. 26(5):359-65.

Li T, Rawlings DJ, Park H, Kato RM, Witte ON, Satterthwaite AB. 1997. Constitutive membrane association potentiates activation of Bruton tyrosine kinase.. Oncogene. 15(12):1375-83.

Wahl MI, Fluckiger AC, Kato RM, Park H, Witte ON, Rawlings DJ. 1997. Phosphorylation of two regulatory tyrosine residues in the activation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase via alternative receptors.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94(21):11526-33.

Tolaymat A, Sandoval S, Abella E, Rawlings DJ. 1997. Clinical quiz. An infant with renal unresponsiveness.. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 11(1):121-3.

Rawlings DJ, Quan S, Hao QL, Thiemann FT, Smogorzewska M, Witte ON, Crooks GM. 1997. Differentiation of human CD34+CD38- cord blood stem cells into B cell progenitors in vitro.. Experimental hematology. 25(1):66-72.

1996

Afar DE, Park H, Howell BW, Rawlings DJ, Cooper J, Witte ON. 1996. Regulation of Btk by Src family tyrosine kinases.. Molecular and cellular biology. 16(7):3465-71.

Park H, Wahl MI, Afar DE, Turck CW, Rawlings DJ, Tam C, Scharenberg AM, Kinet JP, Witte ON. 1996. Regulation of Btk function by a major autophosphorylation site within the SH3 domain.. Immunity. 4(5):515-25.

Faulkner K, James HV, Chapple CL, Rawlings DJ. 1996. Assessment of effective dose to staff in brachytherapy.. Health physics. 71(5):727-32.

Harrison RM, Rawlings DJ. 1996. Uncertainties in dosemeter intercomparison techniques.. Physics in medicine and biology. 41(3):573-8.

Rawlings DJ, Scharenberg AM, Park H, Wahl MI, Lin S, Kato RM, Fluckiger AC, Witte ON, Kinet JP. 1996. Activation of BTK by a phosphorylation mechanism initiated by SRC family kinases.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 271(5250):822-5.

1995

Kerner JD, Appleby MW, Mohr RN, Chien S, Rawlings DJ, Maliszewski CR, Witte ON, Perlmutter RM. 1995. Impaired expansion of mouse B cell progenitors lacking Btk.. Immunity. 3(3):301-12.

Faust EA, Rawlings DJ, Saffran DC, Witte ON. 1995. Development of btk transgenic mice.. Current topics in microbiology and immunology. 194:363-70.

Rawlings DJ, Witte ON. 1995. The Btk subfamily of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases: structure, regulation and function.. Seminars in immunology. 7(4):237-46.

Rawlings DJ, Quan SG, Kato RM, Witte ON. 1995. Long-term culture system for selective growth of human B-cell progenitors.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92(5):1570-4.

1994

Shahabuddin M, Rawlings DJ, Kaslow DC. 1994. A novel glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in Plasmodium falciparum: cDNA and primary protein structure.. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1219(1):191-4.

Tsukada S, Rawlings DJ, Witte ON. 1994. Role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in immunodeficiency.. Current opinion in immunology. 6(4):623-30.

Zhu Q, Zhang M, Rawlings DJ, Vihinen M, Hagemann T, Saffran DC, Kwan SP, Nilsson L, Smith CI, Witte ON et al.. 1994. Deletion within the Src homology domain 3 of Bruton's tyrosine kinase resulting in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA).. The Journal of experimental medicine. 180(2):461-70.

Saffran DC, Parolini O, Fitch-Hilgenberg ME, Rawlings DJ, Afar DE, Witte ON, Conley ME. 1994. Brief report: a point mutation in the SH2 domain of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in atypical X-linked agammaglobulinemia.. The New England journal of medicine. 330(21):1488-91.

Rawlings DJ, Witte ON. 1994. Bruton's tyrosine kinase is a key regulator in B-cell development.. Immunological reviews. 138:105-19.

1993

Rawlings DJ, Bernstein B, Rowland JM, Shaham B, Szer IS. 1993. Prolonged course of illness in a child with malignant lymphoma mimicking sarcoidosis.. The Journal of rheumatology. 20(9):1583-7.

Rawlings DJ, Saffran DC, Tsukada S, Largaespada DA, Grimaldi JC, Cohen L, Mohr RN, Bazan JF, Howard M, Copeland NG. 1993. Mutation of unique region of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in immunodeficient XID mice.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 261(5119):358-61.

Rawlings DJ, Lawrence S, Goldstein JD. 1993. Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula in a premature infant.. American journal of perinatology. 10(2):164-7.

Kaslow DC, Rawlings DJ. 1993. Introducing restriction sites into double-stranded plasmid DNA.. Methods in enzymology. 217:295-301.

Tsukada S, Saffran DC, Rawlings DJ, Parolini O, Allen RC, Klisak I, Sparkes RS, Kubagawa H, Mohandas T, Quan S. 1993. Deficient expression of a B cell cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase in human X-linked agammaglobulinemia.. Cell. 72(2):279-90.

1992

Rawlings DJ, Fujioka H, Fried M, Keister DB, Aikawa M, Kaslow DC. 1992. Alpha-tubulin II is a male-specific protein in Plasmodium falciparum.. Molecular and biochemical parasitology. 56(2):239-50.

Rawlings DJ, Kaslow DC. 1992. Adjuvant-dependent immune response to malarial transmission-blocking vaccine candidate antigens.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 176(5):1483-7.

Rawlings DJ, Kaslow DC. 1992. A novel 40-kDa membrane-associated EF-hand calcium-binding protein in Plasmodium falciparum.. The Journal of biological chemistry. 267(6):3976-82.

1991

Tweed JJ, Davies ML, Faulkner K, Rawlings DJ, Forster E. 1991. Patient dose and associated risk due to radiological investigation of the internal auditory meatus.. The British journal of radiology. 64(761):447-51.

Burchfield DJ, Rawlings DJ. 1991. Sudden deaths and apparent life-threatening events in hospitalized neonates presumed to be healthy.. American journal of diseases of children (1960). 145(11):1319-22.

Rawlings DJ, Faulkner K, Harrison RM. 1991. Broad-beam transmission data in lead for scattered radiation produced at diagnostic energies.. The British journal of radiology. 64(757):69-71.

1990

Chiu T, Garrison RD, Lilly VS, Lim MO, Rawlings DJ. 1990. Citywide neonatal program. Ten years experience.. The Journal of the Florida Medical Association. 77(2):101-4.

1989

Kaslow DC, Rawlings DJ. 1989. Rapid method for introducing restriction sites into double stranded plasmid DNA.. Nucleic acids research. 17(23):10135.

1980

Rawlings DJ, Miller PA, Engel RR. 1980. The effect of circumcision on transcutaneous PO2 in term infants.. American journal of diseases of children (1960). 134(7):676-8.

Rawlings DJ, McComb RC, Williams TA, Thompson TR. 1980. The Siemens-Elema Servo Ventilator 900 B for the management of newborn infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome: a 22-month trial.. Critical care medicine. 8(5):307-11.